Study of permeability characteristics of membranes Quarterly progress report, 9 Apr. - 9 Aug. 1968

Electrochemical cell constructed to measure membrane transport propertie

Study of permeability characteristics of membranes Quarterly reports, 9 Nov. 1967 - 9 Apr. 1968

Permeability characteristics and transport properties of membranes for salt water conversion, and experiment design

Study of permeability characteristics of membranes Quarterly report, 9 May - 9 Aug. 1969

Demineralizing gear pump system with mixed bed ion exchange columns for salt and volume transport experimen

Study of permeability characteristics of membranes Quarterly report, 9 Feb. - 9 May 1969

Permeability characteristics of membrane

The impact of freight transport capacity limitations on supply chain dynamics

We investigate how capacity limitations in the transportation system affect the dynamic behaviour of supply chains. We are interested in the more recently defined, 'backlash' effect. Using a system dynamics simulation approach, we replicate the well-known Beer Game supply chain for different transport capacity management scenarios. The results indicate that transport capacity limitations negatively impact on inventory and backlog costs, although there is a positive impact on the 'backlash' effect. We show that it is possible for both backlog and inventory to simultaneous occur, a situation which does not arise with the uncapacitated scenario. A vertical collaborative approach to transport provision is able to overcome such a trade-off. © 2013 Taylor & Francis

Selective activation of resting state networks following focal stimulation in a connectome- based network model of the human brain

Imaging studies suggest that the functional connectivity patterns of resting state networks (RS-networks) reflect underlying structural connectivity (SC). If the connectome constrains how brain areas are functionally connected, the stimulation of specific brain areas should produce a characteristic wave of activity ultimately resolving into RS-networks. To systematically test this hypothesis, we use a connectome-based network model of the human brain with detailed realistic SC. We systematically activate all possible thalamic and cortical areas with focal stimulation patterns and confirm that the stimulation of specific areas evokes network patterns that closely resemble RS-networks. For some sites, one or no RS-network is engaged, whereas for other sites more than one RS-network may evolve. Our results confirm that the brain is operating at the edge of criticality, wherein stimulation produces a cascade of functional network recruitments, collapsing onto a smaller subspace that is constrained in part by the anatomical local and long-range SCs. We suggest that information flow, and subsequent cognitive processing, follows specific routes imposed by connectome features, and that these routes explain the emergence of RS-networks. Since brain stimulation can be used to diagnose/treat neurological disorders, we provide a look-up table showing which areas need to be stimulated to activate specific RS-networks.Comment: 25 pages (in total), 7 figures, 2 table

Positive intergroup contact modulates fusiform gyrus activity to black and white faces.

In this study, we investigated the effect of intergroup contact on processing of own- and other-race faces using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Previous studies have shown a neural own-race effect with greater BOLD response to own race compared to other race faces. In our study, white participants completed a social-categorization task and an individuation task while viewing the faces of both black and white strangers after having answered questions about their previous experiences with black people. We found that positive contact modulated BOLD activity in the right fusiform gyrus (rFG) and left inferior occipital gyrus (lIOC), regions associated with face processing. Within these regions, higher positive contact was associated with higher activity when processing black, compared to white faces during the social categorisation task. We also found that in both regions a greater amount of individuating experience with black people was associated with greater activation for black vs. white faces in the individuation task. Quantity of contact, implicit racial bias and negatively valenced contact showed no effects. Our findings suggest that positive contact and individuating experience directly modulate processing of out-group faces in the visual cortex, and illustrate that contact quality rather than mere familiarity is an important factor in reducing the own race face effect